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Drip Irrigation for Fruit Trees: Characteristics and Types

Release Date:

2021-03-15

Drip Irrigation for Fruit Trees: Today, thanks to government support, drip irrigation in fruit orchards has gradually gained acceptance among fruit growers in many provinces. Practical experience has also demonstrated that drip irrigation is highly suitable for fruit trees in orchards, with numerous orchards reporting significant increases in both yield and income as a result.

Fruit Tree Drip Irrigation Today, thanks to government support, drip irrigation for orchard fruit trees has gradually been adopted by fruit growers in many provinces. Practical experience has also demonstrated that drip irrigation is highly suitable for orchard fruit trees, with numerous orchards reporting significant increases in both yield and income as a result.

I. Characteristics of Drip Irrigation for Fruit Trees:

1. As with other applications of drip irrigation, the most immediate benefit of drip irrigation in orchards is water conservation—reducing water use by 30% to 70% compared with conventional irrigation. This also leads to lower pumping and transportation costs, making it a win-win solution that conserves water, saves energy, and reduces emissions.

2. Soil temperature has a significant impact on the growth of fruit trees in orchards. Higher soil temperatures accelerate tree growth and fruit maturation, thereby enhancing farmers’ economic returns. Conventional flood irrigation leads to surface runoff, and evaporation from the soil surface dissipates heat, which to some extent lowers soil temperature and is detrimental to crop growth. In contrast, drip irrigation wets a small area, with virtually no evaporation, resulting in only a minor effect on soil temperature.

3. Orchard Fruit Tree Drip Irrigation It also retains the traditional advantages of drip irrigation: it does not generate surface runoff, thereby reducing the loss of soil nutrients, decreasing the likelihood and severity of soil compaction, and protecting soil structure.

4. Due to the small wetted area and high evaporation rate, the air humidity within the fruit tree canopy is relatively low, which is unfavorable for pest survival and thus helps reduce the incidence of diseases and pests.

5. After infectious diseases occur in orchard fruit trees, drip irrigation can reduce the probability of disease spread by controlling the amount of irrigation water.

6. Drip irrigation systems typically feature integrated water–fertilizer application. As water-use efficiency increases, so does the efficiency of fertilizer and pesticide use. With improved fertilizer efficacy, fertilizer inputs can be reduced directly, thereby lowering labor requirements.

7. Orchard drip irrigation systems are typically semi-automatic, requiring only valve control and parameter adjustment, thereby completely alleviating the labor burden on fruit growers.

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II. Types of Drip Irrigation for Fruit Trees

1. Subsurface drip irrigation is achieved by installing drippers and emitters on irrigation pipes, which deliver water slowly and evenly into the soil near the crop roots.

2. Subsurface drip irrigation involves burying capillary tubes and drippers 20–30 cm below the soil surface, allowing irrigation water to seep out through the emitters and moisten the soil. This method can slow down the aging of the capillaries, reduce their loss, and facilitate field operations. However, once clogged, locating and cleaning the system becomes inconvenient.


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