Advantages and Effects of Drip Irrigation
Release Date:
2019-09-09
Drip irrigation is an irrigation method in which water is delivered drop by drop, evenly and slowly, directly into the soil near the plant roots. With a low drip rate and slow infiltration, this technique minimizes evaporation losses; when combined with plastic mulch, evaporation can be further reduced. Under drip irrigation, except for the soil immediately beneath the emitters, which remains saturated, the moisture content in other soil zones is generally unsaturated, as water primarily infiltrates and spreads through capillary action. However, if drip irrigation is applied for too long, saturation may occur beneath the root zone. Consequently, modern drip irrigation systems are typically controlled by advanced computerized systems, though manual operation is also possible. Drip irrigation water
Drip irrigation Drip irrigation is an irrigation method in which water is delivered drop by drop, uniformly and slowly, directly to the soil near the plant roots. With a low drip flow rate and slow infiltration of individual droplets, evaporation losses are minimized. When combined with plastic mulch, evaporation can be further reduced. Under drip-irrigation conditions, except for the soil immediately beneath the dripper, which remains saturated, the soil moisture in other zones is unsaturated; soil moisture primarily infiltrates and diffuses under the driving force of capillary tension.
However, if drip irrigation is applied for too long, saturation may occur beneath the root zone; therefore, modern drip systems are typically operated by sophisticated computer control, though manual operation is also possible. Drip irrigation features low water pressure and high water-use efficiency, making it suitable for regions cultivating a variety of crops and allowing individualized watering for each plant. On sloping terrain, pressure compensation is essential; this can be achieved through computer-controlled adjustment of valves in different sections of the system. The key to efficient drip irrigation lies in precisely regulating water pressure and removing particulate matter from the water to prevent clogging of the emitters. Water delivery generally employs plastic tubing—preferably black or buried beneath plastic mulch—to inhibit algal growth and protect the pipes from UV-induced degradation. Alternatively, subsurface porous ceramic tubing can be used for drip irrigation, but this approach is more costly and is typically reserved for turfgrass and golf courses.
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